Internal-combustion method of forcing or compressing fluids.



P. DSTENBERG. INTERNAL COMBUSTION METHOD OF FORCING 0R COMPRESSING FLUIDS.

, APPLICATION min 1mm. 1916. 1,210,679. Patented Jan. 2,1917.

FIGURE H15 oR Nay n": mums run-s co rnnmuma wumncmu. a c

P. OSTENBERG.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION METHOD OF FORCING 0R COMPRESSING FLUIDS. Armcmou FILED 1AN.24 1916.

1.210579. Patented Jan. 2, 1917. 3 SHEETSSHEET 2.

35 so f as 86 57 H ATT RN P. OST-ENBERG.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION METHOD OF roncms ORCOMPRESSING FLUIDS.

APPUCATION FILED JAN-24. \QIG- Patented Jan. 2,1917.

3 satin-swim a.

FIGURE 4- H *\TTRN Y FIGURE 5 roii'rus o's'r'EnBEnG, or ,LOS eAros, onrlrron'nm.

m mmmesmn METHOD or ronomo'oncomrnnssiiie 1 mins.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 2, 1917.

Application filed January 24, 1916. Serial No. 73,920.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it 'known that I, PQNTUS OSTENBERG, a citizen of the United'St'ates, and resident. of Los Gatos, in the county of Santa Clara and State of California, have invented certain new and usefullmprovements in Internal- Combus'tion' Methods of Forcing or Compressing Flu ids, of 'w'hich the following is a specification.

My invention relates to internal combustion method of forcing or compressing fluids whereby'a liquid under pressure from explosions is utilized-to force or compress fluids by means of ajet or jets'of said liquid.

The present invention contemplates using liquid under a high elastic fluid pressure to compress and ignite' explosive 'mixtures, utilizing the expansions'of the mixtures to force liquid into ;a cushion chamber, and utilizing the liquid in a continuous stream from thelc'ushion' chamber to compress or to force fluids by a jet orjets of the liquid as will be more fully described herein.

To provide 'fa'n efi'ective and practical method of raisingwater from deep wells it is essential that the intricate machinery used be somewhat conveniently positioned on the surface of the ground and should, preferably, be capablev of-being' placed at any distance from the well without materially reducing its efliciency. Also it is desirable to have the liquid being raised to flow from the discharge pipe in a continuous steady stream. In my invention I provide a method in which liquid is subjected to a high elastic fluid pressure in a chamber provided with a substantially permanent or fixed elastic fluid cushion, and then conveyed under. pressure to the desired position by means of a conduit and permitted: to issue from said conduit in a jet or a series of jets, staged or compounded if necessary, in such. a manner as to raiseliquid any desired distance.

If liquid under pressure be discharged from an orifice near the lower end of a closed conduit immersed in a well. said discharged liquid, if directed upwardly in a jet, will tend to create a vacuum below the point of discharge and consequently raise theliquid therein. jets be used the work done would be in proportion to the number of jetsused. The effective working limit of such a series of radially positioned jets being but a few feet it is necessary to provide another series of radially positioned, upwardly directed jets at If a series of radially positioned.

said working limit in order to double the height to which the liquid may be raised, as liquid would be discharged from the two series ofjets with equal force. By increasing the number of seriesof jets liquidmay be raised from any depth. In the present invention I utilize a portion of the liquid under pressure to provide said jet or jets as above set'forth. 'I also utilize a portion of the liquid under pressure to compress or force fluids .by. means of a jet or jets in order to replenish the supply of said liquid under pressure and thereby keep a' practicallyuniform quantity of said liquid under pressure at all times. f v V One object of the present invention is also to conserve to the fullest possible extent the energy exerted by the explosion of a combustible' mixture against a liquidlby receiving in a'chamber containing a fixed elastic fluid cushion all of theliquid thus acted upon and then utilizing the pressure exerted upon .said'liquid by said cushionfor opchange. of the mechanism ormethod as will I be more fully described herein.

It is, therefore,"the object of my invention to provide a'method whereby fluids,

such as water, may be forced or raised from deep wells .byinternal combustion explosions 'generatedat' a distance from said water-by a liquid acting. in concert with said internal combustion explosions; to provide a) method of thecharacter indicated which I will 'force or raise'liquids, and compress and 1 force air, or gases, by means of a jet or jets of liquid from a generator; and to provide a method ofsupplying the generator with liquid by means of liquid subjected to pressure in the generatori,

In the drawings which accompany and form a part of this specification, Figure 1 is a sectional view of one means of effeoting my invention, parts being broken away. Fig. 2 is a sectional view of another means of efi'ecting my invention, parts being broken away. 'Fig. 3 is a sectional view showing another means of effecting my in-' vention which two eirplosion chambers are used, parts broken away i is a view showing meansofutllizing my method for forcing. water .out..of..deep w.el ls,,part.. in

elevation, part in section. Fig. 5 isa sectional. view of one means of effecting my in; vention' in which a single compression chamber is used, parts beingb'roken away; Fig. 6 is a sectional "iew on line AA of Fig.1. Fig. 7 is a sectional detailperspectivevifew of the." diaphragm; "together with the; instm mentalities related. thereto. Similar characters of reference refer to similar parts throughout the several" views.

As anillustration ofrnyimproved? internal combustion method ofi forcing 0r;com.- pressing fluids, I I' will now describe :in;detail the constructionv and operation'lofr-the mech anism shown in Fig. 1; a The numeral'lindi catesa base. upon which are-secured low pressure chamber 2 and high "pressure chantber 3;"said chambers 2- and? being' connected by conduit 4 which receives liquid from chamber 2 through checkivalve 5f; and-"dis.- charges into chamber- 3 through check valve 6. At? is shown a liquid supply'pipe-discharging? into chamber-2: and receiving: liqu-id from pipe. 8- through check valve 9; .pipe

81 leading-toany source: ozfi supplynot shown.

An injector tube-10; leads from chamber 3 into supply pipe Twith; its=nozzle=11 directed toward chamber 25 At: 12 is shownav casing secured to a and? opening; into chamber '2: and havingi a= water motor; as indicated at 13 .and shown in plan in. Fig; 6," positioned: therein insuch a manner: as toaoperate shaftwl i; Shaft 141 is mounted in bearingssfi a'ndr16' in casing 17 andis providediwitha bar 18 atitsJupper-"end: Bar. '18i revolves in. casin 19 secured: to-thevupper end oii'. casing- 1 and is: providedcwithan electrical: contact:

pin 20 in" such 7 a. position: as: to alternately contact with terminals 21- and 22 respectively, positioned in, the upperyside of casing-1.9. and connected? in an electrical circuit as hereinafter; described: At 23w is shown a conduit connectingrcasing-1-2 and high pres.

sure chamber 3; Ata24 is. shown aa spring arm secured to the w all: of" chamber 3, and havingva pin- 25s-attachedtheretoin such a positionl as to actas-a closure forthc 'adjacent: end 1 of. conduit: 23: under certain; con ditions hereinafter set: forth. The opper;

end; of spring arm: 2&1 isiconnectedby 'arod';

as .26; to.- the end ofone a-rm or abe'll crank: 27., saidbellrrankfif beihgvpivoted as at 28 and having a valve headr29-attached to itsother end: in: suchia mannen asrtjo act? asa producedin; chamber- 3 which iszat: all times;- when the generator is} operation, greater han tmosph r c pr ssur ni nns qeen ly ,movementof diaphragm 30 is utili zedby placing a p in 33 in the upper part of sprlng p arm- 24k iii-such a; position and of such a length as to be in contact with diaphragm 30 and thereby actuate pin 25: and bell crank 27. as hereinafter-more fully described. At 34::is provided; an injector tube, passing from chamber 3t-t'o' pipe. .35 and having its-nozzle 36 directed upwardly therein, a checkvalve beingpositioned-in said pipe 35 below said-inj ecton tube 34:! substantially as shown. The flow of liquid through injectortube- 34: is regulated by valve 34*. 349 indicates an additional injector tube-discharging into pipe. 35 and provided.- with a. regulating Vanessa,- Pipe-35ldischarges'into any suitable; receptacle.- not,shown, through discharge opening 35 At 38 is shown a cylinder having-open, and-free communication with.- con- 1 duit- 4.- Theflupper portion of cylinder 38 formsaan explosionchamber- 39 into which a.

combustible mixture is.a.dmitted through a check valveas 4-.0,th e exhaust gases being drivenout through ,valve .41. At 42=is shown a bracket. which; acts; as: a. guide" for/valve stem 43; with arspringlasgM positioned so as to fOI0GFV3lV6-4l 'tOdtS seat. To-stem 43 isse'cured azhead as 45-having azbeveled end as;- indicated atfiaand operating in. cylinder 4iintorw-hich check valve 40: opens as: shown. Vatved ismadexlargec in. diameter than. valve,- 4L1 for the purpose. hereinafter de-v scribed. At 48. j isshown an; inj ector tube COIIIIGGtlIlg-rOYllIldQBfi13 8 and 4.7. and: pref- 22; by low tension wire 52. through battery 53, lowv tensi0n-wire5 L connectingcoil 50. to the; bodyof: the generator as shown. secondterminalas 21. isusedit may becone nected in. the circuit by wire 52?:

If a.

' I. will now describe. the. operation of the.

generat r above. described,, assuming: that liqpid has been admitted, through valve. 9

to a pointinzchambers 2 and 3 as indicated by hne55', and a. fluid, as. air, pumped to; a

pressurev of say one hundred. pounds in the upper. part of: chamber. 2, through valve 56 and; by, a similar: operation. producing a greater, pressure,:.say, twoghundred pounds, inpchamber 3 :through.valve 57, charges .Ofi combustible mixture havingv been previously introducedanto combustionchamberfit). The liquid in chamber; 3" is.n0w, under suchgreat, pressureltha t diaphragm: 30- is. pressed. out-. soffa r asto allow pin 25.to closeconednit 23 and, throu',g ;hv the medium of rod. 26 n lb li renk"2 ,,,-t .'cl se alve.29 asshown.

Injector tube 34 being the only open outlet from chamber 3 the liquid in chamber 3 is allowed to, discharge from nozzle 36 in a small 'stream under great pressure, thereby creating a suction in pipe 35 that will draw fluid from lower depths up through check valve 37 to a point of discharge not shown. As the pressure in chamber 3. lowers on account of the discharge of liquid therefrom, diaphragm 30 moves inwardly, thus operating spring arm 24 and bell crank 27 and simultaneously permitting the discharge of liquid through conduit 23 and injector tube '10. The discharge of liquid through injector tube 10 and its nozzle 11 creates a suction in pipe 7 and thereby draws liquid from pipe 8 through check valve 9 and discharges the same into chamber 2 in sufiicient quantities to compensate for the liquid drawn therefrom. At the same time the liquid passing through conduit 23 operates water motor 13 in its passage to chamber 2, the revolution of water motor 13 revolving shaft 14 and arm 18, thereby causing pin-20 to contact with, say, terminal 21. Closing the electrical'circuit described generates a spark in combustion chamber 39 thus exploding the mixture contained in said chamber and driving the liquid in cylinder 38 back into conduit 4 and into chamber 3 through check valve 6. When the explosion takes place in chamber 39, the pressure against valve 45 is greater than the pressure against valve 41 because of the greater surface presented by valve 45.which is larger in diameter than valve 41. This greater pressure exerted against valve 45 serves to hold' valve 41 tightly in position throughthe medium of stem 43 until the pressure in chamber 39 has expanded to a few pounds. As the pressure in chamber 39 decreases the pressure against the outer end 46 of valve 45 increases through the medium of injector 48 andthe same is forced'open against spring 44. The fine stream discharged under great pressure from injector 48 carries the combustible mixture in chamber 47 into chamber 39 at the same time drawing in addi--' ftional combustible mixture through valve 40 from a carbureter not shown, and driving burnt gases out through valve'41. Since the liquid in chamber 2 is under a comparatively high pressure, said liquid will now pass through check valve 5 into conduit 4 and up in cylinder 38. Since theforce of the ex- I plosion in chamber 39 has beenspent, valves 45a-nd 41 are closed by spring 44 and consequently' the rising liquid compresses the fresh charge and the same is exploded when 1 pin 20 comes in contact with terminal 21. hen valve 45 is closed chamber 47 remains filled with a combustible mixture drawn thereinto when injector 48 was in action.

The frequency of the explosions in combastion chamber 39 is governed and adjusttomatically resume its functions.

ed by means of set screw 31. If set screw 31 is turned in so far as to prevent expansion of diaphragm 30 then pin 25 is held a dis tance away' from the adjacent end of conduit'23 and liquid is forced freely through said conduit and consequently accelerates the speed of water motor 13, thus causing amore rapid succession of contacts at terminals 21 andv 22. If said set screw is turned out wardly the flow through conduit 23 is less- .ened andthe speed of water motor13 is reduced and the succession of contacts at 21 and 22 correspondingly reduced in 'frequency. If, however, set screw 31 is neglected while turned in and the pressure in chamber 3 becomes too great through the rapid operation of the generator, the diaphragm 30 and the set screw 31 may both be forced outwardly because said set screw is positioned in a spring arm 32 provided for such an emergency. In this manner an excessive pressure in chamber 3 will automatically lessen the flow of liquid through conduit 23 until the pressure is reduced to such a point that spring arm 32 will again assume its normal position. Valve 29 is operated siwith relation to each other the'generator will be entirely automatic in its action, the induction of liquid being equal to the outflow. If the flow of liquid through valve 34 is reduced and the pressure in chamber 3 becomes too great the generator will stop.

As the pressure falls the generator will au- If the flowof liquid throughvalve 34 is increased and the pressure in chamber 3 falls, the generator automatically speeds up until the inguction of liquid is again equal to the out- 7 Any number of injector tubes may be used in stages as 34 in Fig.1. When used for raising water from deep wells the injector method may be arranged as shown in Fig. 4 in which 58 is a diagrammatical representation of agenerator as hereinbefore described, having a conduit 59'with a. valve 60 positioned therein extending into wells 6162 and 63 by means of branch conduits 64 65 and 66 respectively, each well having a discharge pipe positioned therein as shown at 67-438 and 69 respectively, provided with check valves 70-71 and '72 as shown and discharging into a common discharge pipe as indivalves 7 O7 1 and72 and forced out through cated at 73. Each'of the'branch conduits =-=com bustion chamber 88 is filled wlth 'liqurd, -the-operation=isas follows": The 'charge in are provided with inj ector'tubes I or perfora tions "directed upwardly and/outwardly as shown at- 74:, and theseinjectOr tubes or 11 perforations may be arranged-instages as in full: operation JV with olis charge'pipes 67 68 and- 69 extending below :thefilevel of the" liquid to be raised, the'liquid is fed into conduits 6-l'65 and 66 under high pressure and expelled from injectors 74 7 5 and 76 -with great forceand consequently the-liquid 7 indicated at 75"Z6 and 7 6 according to the-" -distance the-water is to be ra-isedfj When the system-is arranged in thismanner and" in the well is sucked up through check discharge pipe 73.= By this'method watermay beraised from any depth "without. ex-'-' cesive cost and without the=intricate mecha nism usually considered indispensable] Fig. 2 shows another embodimentof my "internal combustion'method of forcing or compressing fluids.- In this embodimentthe;

---induction of liquid into the generator is ef- 'fected by means ofan injector tube as 77 discharging from conduit 4' intoconduit 7 the two cycle type, but the same method may be adapted for use ina four cycle type of j charged W-itha'n explosive mixture and that chamber 7 9- is exploded and 'liquid driven therefronr-and forced into p'ressure tank 3,

exhaust valve8l opening by force of-gravity. freslr supply' of combustible mixture is now forcedthrough valve :89 into said --comb1istion ehamber 88 thereby forcing the liquidlbacli into' chamber 79 andizdriving the exhaust; gases" therefrorn" througlr valve 81 and closin g the same; *The compression in chamber 2 now forces liquid "through valve 5 and compresses'the charge in chamber 88 which is inturn exploded: Chamber 79 be- 4 ing =already completely filled with liquid, the-liquid discharged'by the explosion 1s -for'ced"int'o' chamber 3. 'A fresh charge of combustible mixture is "-now forced into wchamber7 9 throughvalve 80 byany desirable=method suflicient to overcome spring 99 and to force liquid 'back into chamber 88 and drive theexhaust gases out through valve 90 and close the same, The fresh combustible charge 'in chamber 7 9- is now 1 compressed by 'liquid under pressure from chamberQ and is exploded by-m'eans of the mechanism described. 7

Fig. 4 illustrates an'embodim'ent of my invention in Which but one pressure cham- 1 her is used. It-difiers"fronrthoseforms described-in thatithe induction' of liquid into generator as illustrated'in Fig. 3. In this embodiment conduit 4: has open communica tion' with two cylinders as 7 7 and 78, cylin-- der 78 having combustion chamber 79 formed in its upper end which is supplied with combustible mixtures through valve 80" M and exhausting through valve 81." Spark plug 82 is connected to coil 83 by hightension wire 84, coil 83-being connected to ter- I i 91. =-Spark plug 91' is connected to coil 92 Theagenerator being in operation and asrsumlng that ,combustion chamber "79 is of supply not shown.

by high tension wire 93, coil 92 being connected to terminal 22 by wire 94 and to groundwire 86 by wire 95.

To the shaft 14 of water motor 13 is connected water' motor 96 in a casing 97 which is fed with liquid through supply pipe 98 from a= source When this embodi-- ment is used its action is similar to that already'described'except that the operation of shaft 14 operates water motor 96 and thus draws water into chamber 2. and thecontact the generatoriseffected by an injector tube IOOErdi'sC-harging from chamber 3 directly into conduit'7 'and:= thereby'drawing liquid 3 from supply pipe 8 immediately after each explosion; I and the pressure for compressing afresh charge' b'eing' obtained directly' from chamber 3.

It is understood,'of course; that I do not :wish to be confined to the definite means of efi ecting my improvedinternal combustion method of forcing or compressing fluids illustrated in 'the accompanying drawings andhereinbeforedescribed; but to cover the method broadly regard-less of'the particular mechanisms required to effectthesame. *WVhat I'claim is '1."The method Which consists in forcing liquid into cushion chamber containing a fixedz elastic fluid cushion by means of internal' combustion of air andfucl, maintaining liquid in said cushion chamber at an approximatelyv uniform pressure by means of internal combustion of air a'nd fuel, and .ut1l1z1ng-the* l1qu1d n acontlnuous stream "from SELldEllShlOItClllInbBFt/O force or compress fluids bymean's of a continuous jet or jets of said liquid.

l-liquid underpre ssure of two elastic cushof: pin 20 with terminalsfQl and 22' causes :alternate explosionsv incha-mbers 88 and 79.

ions, utilizing -one cushion to compress explosive mixtures and the second cushion to receive i the liquid "forced by 1 the explosive mixture when ignited; utilizing energy of 1 21The' method which consists in'utilizing 1 the generator to entrain liquid against the cushlon utilized to compress the explosive mixture, and utilizing the liquid from the cushion receiving the liquid forced by the explosive mixture when ignited to force or compress fluids by means of a jet or jets of the liquid.

3. The method which consists in utilizing liquid under a high elastic fluid pressure to entrain liquid into a combustion chamber and compress explosive mixtures, utilizing the energy of the explosive mixtures when ignited to force liquid against the cushion which forced liquid to entrain liquid into the combustion chamber, and utilizing liquid under pressure of said cushion to compress or force fluids by means of a jet or jets of the liquid.

4. The method which consists in igniting and expanding a combustible mixture, causing said expanding mixture to force liquid to a high elastic fluid pressure, utilizing said high elastic fluid pressure for forcing or compressing fluids by means of a jet or jets, and for forcing liquid to a lower elastic fluid pressure and utilizing said lower elastic fluid pressure for compressing a combustible mixture.

5. The method which consists in subjecting one body of liquid to a low elastic fluid ressure and a second body of liquid to a i h elastic fluid pressure and utilizing the di erence in said elastic pressures to expel liquid, to entrain more liquid, and to compress and ignite a combustible mixture and utilizing the expanding energy of said ignited combustible mixture for maintaining a difference of pressure in said bodies of liquid.

6. The method which consists in subjecting one body of liquid toa low elastic fluid pressure and a second body of liquid to a high elastic fluid pressure, utilizing the high elastic fluid pressure to expel liquid, utilizing a portion of said expelled liquid to entrain more liquid and add the same to said first body of liquid, and utilizing said low elastic fluid pressure to force liquid from said first body of liquid to said second body of liquid through the medium of gas explosions.

7. The method which consists in forcing liquid into a cushion chamber by means of internal combustion of air and fuel and utilizing the liquid in a continuous stream from the cushion chamber to force or compress fluids by means of a jet or jets of the 1 liquid.

8. The method which consists in forcing liquid into a cushion chamber by means of internal combustion of air and fuel, and utilizing the liquid in a continuous stream from the cushion chamber to compress or force fluids which are independent of the liquid within the generator by means of a jet or jets of liquid from the cushion chamber.

9. The method which consists in forcing liquid into a cushion chamber by means of internal combustion of air and fuel, conveying the liquid from the cushion chamber into a Well and utilizing the liquid in a continuous stream to force liquid from the well by means of a jet or jets of liquid.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto afixed my signature this 15th day of J anuary 1916.

PONTUS OSTENBERG.

copies of this patent may be obtained for live cents each, by addressing the "Commissioner of Patents, Washingtoml) 0." 

